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Au lendemain du black-out qui a touché les communes du littoral, de nouvelles coupures d’électricité ont eu lieu dans la nuit de mardi à mercredi. Une avarie matérielle sur une ligne haute tension en est à l’origine. 

Jamais deux sans trois ? Après avoir été plongé dans le noir près de 5 heures hier, le littoral guyanais a connu de nouvelles coupures d’électricité ce mercredi 10 août.

À 1h58, un nouvel incident électrique a affecté le réseau haute tension de la Guyane, privant d’énergie les communes du littoral, de Saint-Laurent à Cacao, jusqu’à 7h30 pour un retour complet à la normale.

Cette rupture d’alimentation n’a pas concerné les communes de l’Intérieur ni, contrairement à la veille,  été générale. « Le réseau a néanmoins été placé au niveau maximum de délestage, au stade 4 » qui consiste à pratiquer des coupures ciblées et temporaires « afin de préserver l’alimentation électrique de la population« , précise EDF.

Le circuit de distribution en cause

Selon l’entreprise publique, dont l’Etat est devenu actionnaire à 100% en juillet, l’origine de ces coupures successives serait due à une « avarie matérielle sur la ligne haute tension au départ de centrale hydroélectrique de Petit-Saut« . Le circuit de distribution, et non de production, est donc en cause.

Une panne non résolue à l’heure où nous écrivons ces lignes et qu’EDF mettra plusieurs jours à réparer. Des renforts du groupe sont attendus en Guyane pour « réaliser les réparations sur la ligne haute tension« , précise le fournisseur d’électricité qui indique également que la « ligne d’évacuation des groupes hydrauliques de Petit-Saut est toujours indisponible« .

Pour l’instant, des moyens de production thermique, « couplés au réseau« , permettent d’éviter une chute totale comme en a connu le littoral mardi 9 août. La centrale électrique de Dégrad-des-Cannes a notamment été réactivée hier afin de fournir 50 MW. D’après la préfecture, les besoins journaliers de la Guyane sont estimés à 90 MW.

Afin de « sécuriser l’alimentation électrique« , des groupes électrogènes, acheminés depuis la Guadeloupe, vont arriver en Guyane dans les prochains jours.

D’ici le retour à la normale, EDF préconise aux particuliers et industriels de modérer leur consommation électrique pour « éviter ou limiter d’éventuels délestages lors du pic de consommation journalière« .

Sur les réseaux sociaux, ces mêmes consommateurs se sont parfois moqués, parfois indignés de ces coupures à répétition qui mettent à mal les appareils électriques. Certains ont même interpellé sur Twitter la Direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF) qui a notamment pour mission la protection des consommateurs.

Une réclamation peut être portée auprès de cette autorité de régulation.

Unlike in other countries, applicants must invest directly into the Austrian economy. This can include setting up a business, creating jobs, or introducing new technologies, according to Austrian law experts. The exact investment amount required for the award is not clear, but is estimated to be around US$9.5 million, Forbes reports.

Good luck finding out who has successfully met the programme’s requirements, as applicants are legally considered official government secrets and therefore are not disclosed to any other country.

There are four ways to qualify for Antigua and Barbuda’s citizenship by investment programme.

The least expensive option is a US$100,000 donation to the country’s National Development Fund. Alternatively, applicants can donate US$150,000 to the University of the West Indies.

Applicants can also invest in “designated, officially approved real estate” worth at least US$400,000, which comes with a US$30,000 processing fee.

The programme’s final and most expensive option is to invest at least US$1.5 million into an approved business on the island, along with a US$30,000 fee.

There are two ways to qualify for the Caribbean island of Dominica’s citizenship by investment programme.

The first is to donate US$100,000 to the island’s Economic Development Fund, and the second is to purchase US$200,000 worth of real estate in an approved development.

Grenada, an island nation in the West Indies, offers two qualifying options for its citizenship by investment programme:

Firstly, a US$150,000 contribution to the National Transformation Fund, which finances projects in various industries including tourism, agriculture, and alternative energy, or otherwise the purchase of a property worth at least US$220,000, which cannot be sold for four years.

There are two ways to qualify for Saint Kitts and Nevis citizenship by investment programme, which can be passed on to future generations by descent.

The first option is to donate US$150,000 to the Sustainable Growth Fund, which was launched in 2018 to promote growth in various sectors including healthcare, education, alternative energy, climate change and resilience, and the promotion of indigenous entrepreneurship.

Alternatively, applicants can invest in an approved real estate project with a value of at least US$200,000.

Saint Lucia, a volcanic island located in the eastern Caribbean Sea, offers four different investment options in exchange for citizenship.

The least expensive option is a US$100,000 donation to the island’s National Economic Fund. Applicants who prefer to invest in real estate can purchase property worth at least US$300,000, which cannot be sold for five years.

Additionally, you can invest a minimum of US$3.5 million in an “approved enterprise project”, which range from restaurants and cruise ports to universities and transport infrastructure. The projects must create at least three permanent jobs in the local economy.

The final option is to invest a minimum of US$500,000 in government bonds, which is currently discounted 50 per cent under the Covid-19 relief programme.

Jordan, a semi-arid country bordering Israel, offers three investor-citizenship options, according to Henley & Partners.

The least expensive option is to invest US$750,000 into a project that creates at least 10 local jobs in a community that is located outside of Amman, the country’s capital. For projects within the capital, the minimum investment required is US$1 million.

Other investment options include depositing US$1 million into the Central Bank of Jordan (CBJ) for a minimum of three years, or purchasing US$1 million in treasury bonds and holding them for six years.

The final option for immigrant investors is to purchase shares in a company based in Jordan that’s worth at least US$1.5 million.

Malta, an island nation off the coast of Italy and member of the European Union, was the subject of an investigation regarding “loopholes” in its citizenship by investment application.

Now, the programme has one of the “world’s strictest due diligence standards and vetting of applicants”, according to Henley & Partners, which was involved in the scandal. However, the EU is still considering a ban on golden passports offered by member states.

Four investment requirements must be fulfilled in order to qualify:

Purchasing residential real estate worth at least €700,000 (US$714,000)

An additional contribution between €600,000 and €750,000

€10,000 donation to an approved non-governmental organisation or society

A valid residence card awarded after living in Malta for 12 to 36 months under a lease priced at a minimum of €16,000 a year

Montenegro lists two options to apply to its citizenship by investment programme, which vary depending on the geographic region invested in. Applicants can either invest €450,000 in projects within Podgorica, the country’s capital, or €250,000 (US$255,000) in projects focused on areas outside of the capital.

The programme also requires a €200,000 fee that is donated to Montenegro’s development and innovation funds.

There are two options to purchase citizenship in North Macedonia, according to Henley & Partners: either invest €200,000 (US$204,000) in a private investment fund or invest €400,000 in “new facilities” excluding restaurants or shopping centres that create at least 10 local jobs.

One of the more popular citizenship by investment programmes as of late is Turkey’s. The least expensive of the application’s seven different investment options is to purchase US$400,000 worth of real estate.